Fremount High School free essay sample

Jonathan Kozol is a well-known advocate for social injustice and public education. He is an educator, activist, and writer. He advocates through his writing. One of his articles was about a High school in a well-recognized city across the United States of America. The 8 page article referring to Fremont High School, Fremont High school is between San Pedro Street and Avalon Boulevard in South central Los Angeles. In this city, Fremont High School is known as a friendly school, with an eight hour schedule. Jonathan Kozol visited Fremont high during the spring of 2003. An eight foot high fence with spikes on the top, are what separate Fremont High from the city. School windows are shielded or boarded from gunfire to keep the students safe. Some classes are taught in portables or storage rooms. Some storage rooms do not even have windows and this is where the students are being taught. Students at Fremont are given thirty minutes for lunch and are all fed together at the same time. We will write a custom essay sample on Fremount High School or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Many students don’t even bother to eat, due to the limited time they get and the conditions they are in. Rodents run freely in Fremont high. Hamburger buns have rat bite marks and rat droppings have been found around the school. At Fremont only one or two bathrooms are operational and there are fifteen bathrooms short that are required by the law. Since there only a few restrooms available the lines are tremendously long, students don’t get to use the bathroom at times, and are usually late for class. In most cases the facilities are unclean and lacking basic toiletries. Some parts of the high school lacks proper ventilation system for students such air conditioning; students have been known to turn red and nauseated. Also students who want certain classes such as the advanced placement courses and college courses are not able to get them. The library is almost always closed throughout the year. Conclusively, two thirds of ninth of grade students drop out before receiving a diploma or reaching the twelfth grade. Ironically, Fremont High School is known as the friendly school of South Central Los Angeles. However this high school shouldn’t be even considered to be a functional public facility, let alone be open as a learning establishment. Imagine not having basic toiletries, not having enough time to eat or being taught in small storage closet without ventilation. I can understand and doesnt surprise my why so many students drop out from Fremont High. It hurts to hear what those students face on a daily basis. While I was reading this article about this terrible school, the words sickened me. It left me feeling shocked and wanting to find out more about this school. So I did, I found out that Fremont high closed at one point for reconstruction a year or two after this article and is open now. Almost everything that had a negative effect such conditions changed as well as some new curricular courses. My conclusion on the article that Jonathan Kozol wrote referring to Fremont High is that this article was needed to help make a positive change in the education Fremont provided. The conditions of the school were improved and they are working on ways to help students stay in school and not drop out. Before the conditions were improved, I could hardly believe that a school being in the U. S could have such terrible conditions and still be open. At the time of this article was written Fremont high was a bad school, not in the sense that the teachers didn’t care for the students or the students missed behaved, but in the sense that government needed to provide more funds to the school to help the school function properly. In time the school closed for reconstruction for a few months, and now students are attending the school right now in adequate learning conditions. When people say Jonathan Kozol is an advocate for public education it’s the truth because without this article much of the public would have not known about the problems occurring in Fremont High. I believe he deserves much more recognition in the things he does to help in prove the learning of others. He is a great example of how one person can make a change for the good of others.

History of the Violin essays

History of the Violin essays The history of the violin in its physical development is about as interesting and diverse as the history of its social standing. On the one hand it was seen as a lowly instrument not worthy of genteel time, while on the other it rose with leaps and bounds in social standing during the 17th century. Even today the instrument still fascinates and even obsesses According to Gheerardyn, the violin originated in the form of three historical instruments: the rebec, the Renaissance fiddle, and the lira da braccio. The first can be traced back to the 13th century and included treble, alto-tenor and bass instruments. Its pear shape featured no sound post, while the neck and peg box were integrated with the instrument itself. Three strings were tuned in fifths, whereas its sound was reminiscent of the oboe (Gheerardyn). The Renaissance fiddle originates from approximately the 16th century. It included five strings and a violin- like shape. Its top and back were connected with ribs, whereas the neck and fingerboard were separate. It only included the soprano register. The third, the lira da braccio, was more versatile than the Renaissance fiddle, in that it was manufactured in a variety of sizes. Its back and top were arched, with overlapping edges. Ribs and a sound post were supplemented with four c-shaped sound holes. Of its seven strings, two were drones The violin emerged from a combination of the three above instruments, and several advantages soon favored it for popularity. There was for example its greater sonority, the ease of playing and tuning, and more sensible fingering (Gheerardyn). They were also lighter, smaller and easier to carry when played at festive events such as weddings, dances and mummeries, in addition to which the particularly well-tuned sound was a Violins as they are known today evolved starting around 1520 in northern Italy (S...

ECRM and Touch Points Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

ECRM and Touch Points - Assignment Example The first strategy component must be operational to help in sharing of information. It implies business operations also run efficiently. Second, maintenance of long-term relationships with clients requires an analytical strategy (Kincaid, 2003). Third, entails collaborative efforts that boost communication technology in various departments especially when dealing with other business partners in inter-organizational settings. However, there are also collections methods that are integral when streamlining the business using the eCRM and touch points methodologies. The first involves observation of customer-focused culture within and without the organization. It helps in understanding their tastes and preferences (Parvatiyar & Shainesh, 2001). Second, an adoption of satisfaction benchmarks that evaluates the clients’ suggestions and complaints in terms of service offered. Another collection method encompasses putting recommendation questions that assess the aspects of buying and selling. It, therefore, is imperative to consider company needs as part of CRM systems that help in estimating the customer strategy (Sagadevan, 2003). This is because it streamlines the company budget through provision of CRM solutions that include broadening the sales to enhance flexibility. Overall, customer-centered services remain the most important part of customization and product configuration in the use of information technology

Virtual Team Management Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Virtual Team Management - Research Paper Example Research and Development Ââ€" virtual teams offer an environment for enhancing innovations in R&D and also bring in knowledge spillovers in the organizations bridging place and time. Therefore, involving the R&D functional area in a virtual team is not a choice but rather a requirement. The R&D representative conducts the research on the best way to improve the product, organization, and the entire project team.This department operates with a sense of urgency can create and conceptualize quickly. The sales representative will benefit the team and organization by ensuring that the product reaches its intended consumers in the most efficient manner while maximizing profits.Management Ââ€" studies show that virtual teams perform well when executives support the development of the social relationship across the team and thereby enhancing trust among members. The executive management makes sure the team performs optimally and that it returns the expected outcomes.Collaborating with seve ral functional areas in the virtual team have posted some challenges that may slow or inhibit the team's performance. One of these problems is the differences in the cultural background such differing technical skills, and different styles of work. For example, a member from the production area may not have similar technology skill like those with a member from the IT department. This difference brings a challenge in adapting to new communication tools, systems, and applications, as well as learning how to use them.

Self Assessment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Self Assessment - Essay Example I will try to justify that my goals, personality, and path are compatible with each other. I mentioned earlier that I want to specialize in business and finance. Hence, I think and feel that an MBA is the most logical choice. In general, I want to be rich while deepening my understanding of how money works. By the age of forty, I really desire to accumulate a net asset of at least $100,000,000 and a weekly cash flow of at least $1,000,000. I believe that knowledge of business systems and becoming a businessman will help me achieve this path to glory. Also, by having that amount of cash, I can invest large amount of money in blue-chip stocks, which I really want to do. Essentially, investing for me is like playing a computer game. An MBA, I think, will help me know the rules and determine for myself the optimal decisions to achieve such goals. Once I become successful, I hope of fulfilling my fantasy of being interviewed in CNBC and other financial networks. I concede that there are aspects of an INTJ that do not fit me, but I affirm that many do. For example, I am independent and ruthless. In dealing with people, I really push to have my way and final say on things. So, an INTJ is the closest description available for me. I also believe that an INTJ is well... - Useful. - Creativity. - Very single minded at times - this can be a weakness or a strength. - They can ignore the points of view and wishes of others. - Coherence is the master. - Cost effective. - Relationships which have psychological distance. - Often seem demanding and difficult to satisfy. - Independent. - Hypersensitive to signals of rejection. - Others receive a sense of haste. - Vulnerable in the emotional area and may make serious mistakes here. - When asked to put something together for the first time - a prototype - he is all the more happy, since he is doing that which is most worthwhile. - Abhors unsnarling messes. - Things have to make sense. - Avoids redundancy. - May have difficulty communicating the details of goals. - Prefers not to say anything twice and assumes understanding. - Serious. - NTs tend to be relatively uninterested in acquiring wealth. - NTs usually take family responsibilities seriously. - NTs tend not to "own" the behaviors or bodies of their mates. - NTs' own errors are those which are inexcusable and unforgivable. I concede that there are aspects of an INTJ that do not fit me, but I affirm that many do. For example, I am independent and ruthless. In dealing with people, I really push to have my way and final say on things. So, an INTJ is the closest description available for me. I also believe that an INTJ is well suited for a career in Business and Investments. An INTJ like me is serious. Business is serious. It has no room for people who will slack on things. An MBA, although by no means really represents all aspects of business in the classroom, is serious stuff. You cannot pass it without the necessary seriousness to study and finish all requirements, such as difficult and mind-blowing case

The Information System Implementation Organisation Information Technology Essay

The Information System Implementation Organisation Information Technology Essay One of the most controversial issues which organisations can face is user resistance to changes. Re-organisation is frequently alongside fear and anxiety, because employee would usually encounter the unknown issues. Usually resistance occurs due to some blind spots in approaches as a result of newly introduced ideas. Nowadays, many managers must be involved with new products, new information system, new government rules, growth and industrial and scientific improvements. Therefore, the value of substantial alterations in an organization is inevitable. As a result, many companies or organisations decide that it is good for theirs organization to undertake moderate organisational changes rather than revolutionized changes. So, the management should find ways to help them overcome the users resistance to changes. The failure of many large-scale corporate change programs can be traced directly to employee resistance (H.Bovery and Hede, 2001). The key point to face the problem is to find out the nature causes of resistance accurately. The purpose of the present essay is to demonstrate various types of reasons for resistance to change, and after that analyzing the different ways to choose strategies for implementing an organizational changes attempt to achieve the aim which is what can be done to overcome this resistance? Sources of user resistance: There are many types of causes which would lead to the users resistance to any organizational changes efforts. To identify ways to manage the situation, user resistance to changes created, successfully, it is logical to firstly identify and estimate the attitudes of users in general. To help recognize and estimate the possible reasons for users resistance to changes in an organization, it is wise: To identify type of users who would resist changes, which means if the resistance occurs in individual users or group users. To identify users needs. To identify users attitude and values which they have. To identify users interests. (2) Here, we discuss on some fundamental reasons of resistance to the shifts. Parochial self-interest Users feel they may lose something which can be a value to them, as a result of organizational changes, therefore they resist the shifts. This is generally known as one of the main forms of resistance within the users. Generally users first preference would be to consider their own interests over those which are in favor of the whole organization. In such a case, resistance usually leads into a political behavior. This reaction sometimes occurs through and before organizational changes, this is due to the fact that something may be in the best interests for somebody or some groups and instead that exact thing is not in the best interests of the whole organization.(1) Misunderstanding and lack of trust Sometimes resistance can occure because of lack of trust between the person who governs the change and the employee in the organization who will become the user of the change. In this case users often resist when they do not have a clear understanding of the situation and therefore they may believe that these new implicated alterations might charge them more than they will gain out of these changes. Substantially, in many organization level of trust between employees and managers are low and therefore it is not unexpected for the misunderstanding to exist, when changes are being introduced. In effect in this kind of situations the initiators can manage the situation with clarifying the changes and the gains due to the changes to the employees quickly to eliminate misunderstanding. (1) Different assessments The third fundamental reason that may cause the user to resist organisational change is that people asses the implication and recent condition in a different ways to their initiators or managers. As a result they may think this change may introduce additional charges which can be more than their benefits, not only the immediate charge to themselves but also to their company and organisation as a whole. Managers who set off changes usually guess that, they have all the appropriate information which is necessary to accomplish organisation analysis whereas their assumption may not be correct. In this case the difference in information with regards to the groups involved with may lead to diverse analysis. As a result of this issue many managers think resistance is always bad so they always treat the resistance in a bad way, whereas in a number of cases the analysis of someone who is not initiating the change is more beneficial than the initiators themselves, so in such case the resistance is clearly good for the organisation and company.(1) Low tolerance for change Users also resist the change because they assume they do not have enough ability to develop the necessary skills and behaviour which is required for new implications. As a psychology aspect generally human beings have limited capability to change and the scope of the limits in someone is much lower than the others. This mentioned discussion can go for managers as well. The managers inability to change their behaviour as fast as the organisations needs can lead to inhabit the development of an organisation. In other words, if a manager with inability to change, understand the need for changes in their company, usually they cannot acquit to make a transition as a result of an emotional backlog. All of the previous behaviour occurs due to lack of tolerance for change in personality. Sometimes users understand new situation which emerge because of changes, and they even understand the gains in implementing the changes however they still resist the changes. For instance, new position for an employee in an organisation requires new relationships, new knowledge, and different manners; even though the new position is better than the previous one, many employees still feel uneasy with the whole transition to the new job. Dealing with resistance to change Managers can set up various strategies to overcome users resistance to organisational changes by using the information which can be gathered from analysing the source of their employees resistance. The goal of employing these strategies is to convince the users with the logic behind the change so the user can accept the shift. There are three levels of adaption which are think-feel-do; these types of adaption process present a fine outline which are to be introduced in this stage. (2) Education and communication The very first step that can help the manager to overcome users resistance to change is to educate the employee in the organisation. Communication of ideas about the new situation helps users to understand the logic behind the change. Management can inform users of the benefits of implementing the changes. Often implementation of new information system in an organisation fails because of lack of communication. Since user in many cases assumes that use of the new system is reluctant, top management should provide training which introduce the new system to the users and explain how the new system works and familiarise the users with the other aspects of the new system. For instance in the case of ERP system (enterprise resource planning system is made available support for organisation activities by incorporating set of programs), management should supply awareness for the user that how the ERP system is going to work. For example, management should describe obviouse inputs and outputs of the system and characterize the departments which will supply the data. (2) Participation and involvement Management and initiators of change can usually prevent resistance by involving potential users in some parts of implication of change effort. On the other hand participation resistors has advantage, initiators can use user advice who involves the implication of change. The research found managers have different feeling about participation, first group have a positive perspective and the latter one have negative. Their perspectives lead to different reaction. Some initiators believe that the user should always participate during the change effort, while others have converse idea. Both approaches can create problem in management area. To clarify the effects of the users participation it is wise to illustrate the study which was carried out by Laster Coch and John R.P.French, Jr., in a clothing factory. It is the most systematic study in relation to resistance to the change. The research has been carried out with four different groups who were being paid on an improved piece-rate. Each groups were allocated with different kinds of changes which were implied during work and use different technique to apply them. During the experimental study, researchers considered on all the finding carefully and recorded them to understand what problem creates the resistance to the change. The first group was known as a no-participation method by the researchers. This small group of operators met the staffs in a room where they have described the changes to the operators in details, the reason of the change and explained to the staff that there was a necessity for change in their work. Then, the operators sent back to their work in new situation and with the new techniques. The second group of operators was familiarised with the changes by a participation-through-representation technique. The work change was introduced to third and fourth group by a total-participation method.

Recall Bias in Research Design Essay -- Research Methodology

It is most likely every major text on epidemiology involved in retrospective research is influenced by recall bias. Scientists have identified recall bias to occur when accuracy of recall regarding prior exposure is different for cases versus control (RAPHAEL, 1987). The possibility for recall bias exists whenever historical self-report information is elicited from respondents (RAPHAEL, 1987). Therefore, the potential for the occurrence is likely to be greatest in case-control studies or cross-sectional studies with retrospective elements, as well as some cohort prospective and control randomized trial designs (Hassan, 2006). Since recall bias is an undesired element, intended to potentially distort the study, the initial design of research study needs to implement a proper strategy. In construction of the design, an abstract, methods and conclusion alone do not restrict recall bias. To limit the need for recall itself it would be more desirable to depend on scientific data, as is the most obvious choice. However, research does not provide us with this luxury. Thus, one method to restrict or rule out recall bias is the use of actual exposure status verified through unbiased records (RAPHAEL, 1987). Although this method is most limited as it depends on the unbiased records made available in studies. The initial formatting of questionnaires is another consideration to insure research accuracy and validity scale. A popular form is the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory used in studies eliciting self-report responses (RAPHAEL, 1987). The MMPI has demonstrated successful outcomes and limited recall bias with an analytical approach to cross sectional studies. As assertive measurements to evaluate recall bias are in place, ... ...his evaluated? The valuable status collected during the initial emergency room visit presents the most usable information to this study, making this study reportable. Alcohol and drug use remain globally problematic and therefore epidemiological scientists continue to report findings of research in hopes of communicating its findings and finally the overall focus of making a change for the better. . References; BORGES, g. L.-M. (2005). A CASE-CONTROL STUDY OF ALCOHOL AND SUBSTANCE USE DISORDERS AS RISK FACTORS FOR NON-FATAL INJURY. Oxford Journals , 257-262. Hassan, E. (2006). Recall Bias can be a Threat to Retrospective and Prospective Research Designs . . The Internet Journal of Epidemiologyâ„ ¢ ISSN: 1540-2614 . RAPHAEL, K. (1987). Recall Bias: A Proposal for Assessment and Control. International Journal of Epidemiology , 167-171.

Policing Domestic Violence Essay

Domestic violence can be considered to be an act of violence which has been observed to occur in every socio-economic class as well as within all cultures. Domestic violence is defined as a pattern of coercive control that one individual intermittently exerts over another by means of spiritual, emotional, sexual, physical or economic abuse (http://www. dvvap. org/i). This form of exploitation has victimized mostly the women and children and men in much fewer cases and it continues to be perpetrated all over the world. In some regions or nations of the world, domestic violence has become a daily occurrence. Domestic violence leads to very drastic effects on the family, especially if perpetrated on both women and children. When this form of violence is done through physical harm, it results to injury, disability or even death in victims. Mental problems that may also occur usually make the victims feel unloved, lonely and have low self-esteem. Depression occurs in many victims of psychological abuse, which in turn may cause severe isolation of the victims from family and friends. Sexual violence and incest are other forms of domestic violence. In some regions of the world, domestic violence causes continue to rise due to patriarchal, cultural and religious traditions, (Human Rights Watch, 2005. , pp 12). All over the world, different governments handle domestic violence in many ways due to differing views on violence Different proposals have been presented to encourage the governments to have certain views on this form of violence. According to Lisa, domestic violence should be treated as a political and public problem. It should also be viewed as a breach of the human rights. It is a violation of human rights which every individual is entitled to. Those who perpetrate actions of violence against the others should be stopped, (Lisa, H. 78-79). Policing domestic violence refers to a scientifically developed application that aims at solving the domestic violence problem. In the past, it has involved testing of hypothesis in relation to the classification, prediction and the domestic violence prevention. Policing domestic violence policing as a tool of solving domestic violence also experiences several challenges as a crime prevention strategy (Hoctor, M. 53). In order to identify more effective policing strategies for domestic violence prevention and control, a culture of science is very necessary where the strategy integrates trial and error as a norm in crime prevention. The domestic violence policing programs aim at offering support to victims of domestic violence while at the same time preventing domestic violence. However, the public has raised concern about the domestic violence public policy. Lawrence et al states that in the past, the public has been concerned about the domestic violence policy. This is because it is sometimes based on ideology and it lacks evidence based on science. The public advocates for an effective domestic violence policing which should be practical and also be implemented appropriately. This would be a very good measure in preventing domestic violence (Lawrence S. et al, 24). In the last decade, police response to domestic violence has been criticized with a claim that the police did not take violence incidents seriously. However, effective measures to curb domestic violence are being developed and implemented through better policing. In this paper, the domestic violence policing issue will be discussed. The ethical stance of domestic violence in policing will be looked at, as well as the police departments’ responsibility of policing. The past system and current issues arising due to violence will be evaluated. Discussion For effective policing in domestic violence, a cultural evolution in policing needs to be developed in order to support the scientific revolution in order to solve the domestic violence problem. The cultural evolution rapid movement requires a growing partnership between the police and criminologists, public health community officers and professional scientists. Coherence of approach by the different police units to domestic violence is promoted by policy statements or documents where the Police officers introduce the policy documents with varying extent and content. With the increasing reports of domestic violence to the police, the police service has been required to utilize their limited resources to improve domestic violence service delivery to the people. Domestic violence is a great concern for the community where the police intervene in many cases. Whenever the police receive an initial call for assistance, it is their responsibility to provide immediate protection to the victim due to the fact that the police have certain powers which allow them to respond to domestic violence incidents. Whether the victims feel confident in contacting the police departments later in future will depend on how the police perform their tasks when the victim makes the initial contact (Lawrence, S. 126). The police have a major role in arresting criminals or offenders with the perpetrators of domestic violence considered as criminals because they undermine the human rights of the victims. The suspects are usually arrested and charged if there is enough evidence of violence against the victim. However, law enforcement officers should ensure that the suspect’s rights are not violated until the truth is established much later as one of the requirement in the police departmental policy. The police forces have domestic violence policy documents which contain written aims and priorities that are expected to assist them either solve, prevent or reduce domestic violence incidents. The policy documents normally contain the domestic violence definition, its implications, as well as guidance about the various police response components. The responsibility to implement domestic violence policies is something that is shared across a range of the police roles. The policies are very vital in protecting domestic violence victims against actions of exploitation such as domestic violence involving withholding of economic resources from a victim. Some children are even denied education through this form of abuse, as well partners who do not work. This denies the victims their basic needs, which is considered unethical and unacceptable. Domestic violence policing prevents this form of exploitation and instead promotes ethical practices in the society. Through policing, public safety problems are defined, analyzed and effective solutions to the problems addressed. Though the society is responsible for propagating ethics, it sometimes undermines the ethics if it allows domestic violence to occur without taking any action. For instance, in patriarchal societies, men are sometimes allowed to completely dominate over women. This had led to lack of knowledge and empowerment in women to speak out against violence, whereby the victims lack the ability to express their views and opinions with those who do not adhere to this being severely punished through domestic violence. Domestic violence policies have been developed to address such cultural practices with the police ensuring that law enforcement in relation to such policies is carried out. The police department should have the responsibility of policing domestic violence in the community because they are law enforcers who are responsible for ensuring law and order is maintained in the society and the human rights are well protected. Preventing and reducing domestic violence is one of the ways in which the human rights of everyone in the community are protected. For instance in Australia, police powers and procedures are well set out in the Crimes Act 1990(Policing Domestic Violence in New South Wales NSW, 1999). In addition, the police powers can be found in the police guidelines, referred to as Domestic Violence Standard Operating Procedures. Another example can be seen in the US, where the police department has adopted mandatory arrest policy for domestic violence cases. For spousal violence cases, arrest based on probable cause could be done where the Police officers were allowed to arrest suspects without a warrant as long as the officers had probable cause whether he/she had witnessed the incident or not. This was happening in 23 states of the United States of America by the year 2005 (Hoctor, M. 007) Another reason why the police should participate in domestic violence policing is that, the legislation that protects people from domestic violence in most cases directs the police to intervene in protecting the victims of domestic violence. The police have the power to exercise arrest of criminals or offenders when need be. In policing domestic violence, domestic violence incidents should be stopped as soon as possible making the arrest of offenders by the police an effective means of stopping domestic abuse. This therefore makes it their vital responsibility in policing domestic violence with the responsibility aiming at stopping the conflict, as well as protecting and ensuring the immediate safety for the victims. As law enforcers, the police have a responsibility to ensure criminals are charged in court which mitigates future abuse. The police department receives reports on domestic violence from the community members and then investigates the cases to establish the cause of the abuse, the effects and the victim or offender. After establishing the facts about a case, offenders are charged in court. For instance policies allow police officers to apply for an apprehended violence order (AVO), which guides the judicial process (Lawrence, S. 101). Good police service initiatives in the police departments that enhance awareness in people about violence and service delivery show that they should have a good responsibility in domestic violence policing. The police departments in many nations have instituted the initiatives as a result of their recognition that a high percentage of people in our community are now aware that domestic violence is a crime. These initiatives include, public awareness through advertising campaigns, placement of domestic violence liaison officers (DVLO), specialized training for officers, working with the Attorney General and the development of COPS (Computerized Operational Policing system) to produce statistics relevant to the development of effective domestic violence prevention measures. The initiatives are a good indication of how effective the police department can be in domestic violence policing. The domestic violence issue has attracted widespread public concern, in the past and also in the current world. However, the past system differs with the current system in relation to how policing in domestic violence was/is handled. In the past, the number of domestic violence cases that were reported was fewer than the current number of the cases reported to the police. The continued increase of the reported cases in turn has necessitated the development of measures that will curb the violence effectively. This has led to the development of new measures/policies to address this problem. However, in the past, this problem was not handled with much seriousness as it is now which made the past system less effective in domestic violence policing. Cultural beliefs and practices in the past contributed to continued domestic abuse, because the victims were sometimes convinced that they deserved to be abused. Different societies have changed their beliefs towards domestic violence over time with people become more aware of domestic violence as a crime currently, which has greatly assisted in effective domestic violence policing. People are more willing to speak out about this issue in the modern world as compared to the past years. Modern police service initiatives have enhanced better domestic violence policing as compared to the past system of policing. For instance placement of domestic violence liaison officers (DVLO) in the local areas as a modern initiative has made it easy for people to report violence cases. In addition, offenders are easily apprehended and charged for their offences. In the past, lack of awareness in some victims and the community as a whole in policing encouraged continued abuse because the offender had no action taken against them. Current systems have developed specialized training for officers, which involves training of officers in response to domestic violence and other issues that surround domestic violence. On the other hand, the past systems did not have such training programs. The standard operating procedures (SOP) launching together with the development of computerized operational policing system (COPS) have been very instrumental in adoption of effective domestic violence policing measures in the modern systems (Policing Domestic Violence in New South Wales NSW,1999). The domestic violence policing have also experienced several problems. The policing may lack inadequate support which may in turn undermine how effective the policing can be in solving domestic violence. The police officers who handle domestic violence cases have been accused of not providing the involved parties with enough information and sometimes they have an inappropriate attitude towards the victims. In addition, they have shown unsympathetic, rude and indifferent behavior towards the victims. Nevertheless, solutions to these problems have been integrated in domestic violence policing programs to ensure domestic violence is prevented. Though domestic violence prevention measures were present in the past, current measures have been developed to improve on the past strategies

Cdn. Provinces&FederalSystem essays

Cdn. Provinces&FederalSystem essays The Provinces and the Federal System The three areas of federal and provincial relations where decentralization is made evident are as follows: First and foremost is the Judicial Interpretation. When the first Canadian laws were drawn up in1867 Canadas final appeal in constitutional decisions was the Judicial Committee of the Privy Council in London, England. In section 91 of the 1867 act, in the Peace, Order and Good Government Clause (POGG) all powers in section 92 are left to the federal government. In this section there were 29 examples given of federal power. It was later decided that these examples were real federal government powers and ignored the POGG clause except in time of national emergency. This, as a result of decentralization and the ways certain laws were interpreted, made the difference between federal and provincial jurisdiction. An example of this change would be the Toronto Electric Commissioners vs. Snider, 1925, were the federal legislation to deal with serious strikes was ruled unconstitutional because labour and management relations fall under the matters of property and civil rights which is prov incial jurisdiction and could only be subject to federal legislation if it were an emergency. The second area where decentralization is made evident is in federal and provincial finance. At confederation the federal government was originally given the power to levy all kinds of taxes while the province could only tax directly. As a result of decentralization both government were more or less independent of each other on taxing and spending. An example of this would be the fact that both governments levy their own taxes e.g. corporate and personal tax. Since WWII the levels government of government are becoming more intertwined in federal and provincial financial matters, such as provinces levying a percentage of the federal tax. The third area where decentralization is...

Essay on Benefits of Medical Language

Essay on Benefits of Medical Language Essay on Benefits of Medical Language Benefits of Medical Language Sarah Ruhl’s â€Å"In the Next Room, or the Vibrator Play† offers unique insight regarding the discussion of female sexuality and the concept of Hysteria. During the late 19th century, women were often taught to never speak about their own sexual experiences, and were taught to view any sexual acts (other than those aimed at procreation) as inherently wrong. Hysteria was often diagnosed as proof of the fears regarding female sexuality. In â€Å"In the Next Room, or the Vibrator Play† the female characters and Dr. Givings use medical language to converse openly about sexual acts with connotations appropriate for the time and setting of the play that would have been considered taboo otherwise, therefore highlighting the absurdity and ignorance surrounding female sexuality. Through stigmas engrained in society by diagnoses such as Hysteria, medical language was a single outlet for the women in the play to discover their own sexual iden tity. A new sexual identity emerges throughout the play, specifically in Dr. Givings’ patients, when discussion of their own sexuality moved outside the doctor’s office and into their personal conversations. When speaking to Mrs. Givings about her experience with the vibrator, Mrs. Daldry explains her sensation of an orgasm as â€Å"†¦ you see unaccountable patterns of light, of electricity, under your eyelids – and your heart races – and your legs feel very weak, as though you cannot walk† (Ruhl 114). The language Mrs. Daldry uses is the same language she would have used had she been explaining the sensation to a doctor. â€Å"Unaccountable patterns of light† suggests that the feeling blinded her or affected her vision. This could be interpreted as a symptom rather than an overwhelming sensation from an orgasm. She repeats the word â€Å"electricity† that Dr. Givings previously used to describe how the vibrator moves. By repeat ing a word she heard from the doctor, Mrs. Daldry is emphasizing that the language she is using is appropriate because it was considered appropriate and professional in the setting of a doctor’s office. She then continues to examine that her heart races which is a concern one would raise with their doctor if it happens unnaturally. She is not recognizing the fact that her heart is racing from excitement because that would change the context of which she was trying to explain this new feeling and therefore makes it inappropriate. She ends her statement by saying she feels weak and as if she cannot walk by the end of her treatment. By expressing these new sensations with other women, she is forming a new sexual identity by recognizing the effects of stimulation on her body and relating those feelings to other women. The characters not understanding that they have experienced an orgasm themselves shows the ignorance within the context and characters of the play. All of these references to Mrs. Daldry’s body and how she felt during the examination highlight an intense orgasm, and the audience is aware of that. The fact that a female orgasm was so novel that the women in the play didn’t even have a word to describe the sensation they experienced reiterates the lack of knowledge surrounding female sexuality at the time of the play. Mrs. Daldry could only explain her orgasm in medical terms because she didn’t know any other way of explaining it. By making her words appropriate for polite conversation, she was opening the discussion of her sexuality and inspiring others to do the same. Dr. Givings felt the need to keep his words polite and professional with his own wife when first using the vibrator to experiment with her because his idea of a female orgasm was not fully understood and he worried her natural reactions were perverse. He stated his concerns saying, â€Å"This is what I feared. In a sick woman the device restores balance, but in a healthy woman it makes you excitable and perhaps even causes some perverse kind of onanism† (Ruhl 95). Mrs. Givings discovering

Network and Internet Security Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 1

Network and Internet Security - Essay Example On the other hand, the single key encryption only uses a single secret key for both encryption and decryption of messages. A hybrid of the two that is single key and public key encryption is what the modern encryption model entails to help establish reliable secure sessions. According to De & Yung (2006, 127), session keys help enhance security of a system in cases where two parties have an encrypted connections to third party. By use of these session keys, the third party can deliver keys the other two parties on the encrypted links. Session keys are established by use of Diffie-Hellman key exchange which enables the secret exchange of keys between two users on a communication channel by the use of exchange algorithms. This way of key generation does not required the presence of a central authentication server or any key distribution center. These two users maintain a secured encrypted message through a partial share of information. Some data is privately stored while some is publicly given for the other party to use. Using exchange algorithms, the two parties can use the publicly aired data to encrypt hidden messages from senders on a crowded communication channel (De & Yung 2006, 127). User 1 computes the key using the public data given by user 2 and viceviser. Both calculations will eventually yield similar results indicating a common interpretation. Kerberos V4 uses session keys to help maintain a secured communication protocol (Bao, Deng & Zhou 2004, 30). Kerberos v4 are useful in verifying users at work places who would wish to access services within a network. Session keys use in Kerberos would restrict access only to identified and authorized users and would accurately authenticate requests for uses. These authentication procedures make the use of session keys become very relevant in Kerberos. It will be almost impossible for another side user to communicate with the server since the given session key is

The Weimar Cinema Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

The Weimar Cinema - Essay Example From this study it is clear that  during the era of the Weimar cinema, there was experienced stylistic, economic and cultural transformation in the film industry of Germany. Isenberg’s quote is highly relevant as it higlights the various aspects in which the Weimar cinema impacted on the film industry in Germany. The economic, cultural and stylistic changes encountered at the time have had a profound effect on the history of cinema as practiced in Germany. The Germany film industry in the present day has been thoroughly influenced by the establishments of the Weimar cinema, whose influence is evident in the modern making of films.This report highlights that  The Weimar cinema occurred during the Golden Age of cinema that notably was the silent era of filmmaking in Germany and elsewhere in the world. While the modern day production of films in Germany has advanced tremendously following the technological developments, a lot of credit goes to the Weimar cinema for such advan cement. â€Å"During the Weimar cinema period in Germany, an exceptional variety and number of films were released on various themes that have continued dominating the film industry in Germany and internationally†.  Isenberg’s views are significantly important in pointing to the contuinity of thematic issues in the modern time of filmography as was during the Weimer cinema.  The Weimar cinematography was fundamentally inspired by the sordid politics that surrounded the aftermath of the World War I.